9月9日下午,最高人民法院召開新聞發(fā)布會(huì),發(fā)布《最高人民法院、最高人民檢察院關(guān)于辦理利用信息網(wǎng)絡(luò)實(shí)施誹謗等刑事案件適用法律若干問題的解釋》(下稱“解釋”)。
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Internet users who share false information that is defamatory or harms the national interest face up to three years in prison if their posts are viewed over 5,000 times or forwarded over 500 times, under a judicial interpretation released on Monday.
周一發(fā)布的司法解釋規(guī)定,在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上散播虛假誹謗信息或危害國家利益的信息,且該信息被瀏覽5000次以上或被轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)500次以上,散播信息的網(wǎng)民將面臨入獄三年的處罰。
此次“兩高”發(fā)布的司法解釋(judicial interpretation)為懲治利用網(wǎng)絡(luò)實(shí)施誹謗等犯罪提供了明確的法律標(biāo)尺(define the criteria for convicting and sentencing offenders who spread rumors online that defame individuals or organizations)。
司法解釋規(guī)定,捏造或篡改損害他人名譽(yù)的事實(shí)(concoct or edit information that damages an individual's or organization's reputation),并在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上散布或通過他人在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上散布的行為將以誹謗罪(libel)定罪處罰。
司法解釋還規(guī)定了幾個(gè)情節(jié)嚴(yán)重的情形(serious cases),包括:誹謗信息實(shí)際被點(diǎn)擊、瀏覽次數(shù)達(dá)到5000次以上,或者被轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)次數(shù)達(dá)到500次以上的(posts viewed over 5,000 times or forwarded over 500 times);造成被害人或者其近親屬精神失常、自殘、自殺等嚴(yán)重后果的(having a significant negative effect on victims or their families, such as mental illness, self –mutilation or suicide)等。以上嚴(yán)重違法行為將面臨最高三年的入獄處罰。
司法解釋規(guī)定,引發(fā)群體性事件(causing a mass incident);引發(fā)公共秩序混亂(disturbing public order);引發(fā)民族、宗教沖突(inciting ethnic and religious conflicts);誹謗多人,造成惡劣社會(huì)影響(multiple cases of libel);以及損害國家形象,嚴(yán)重危害國家利益(damaging the State's image)等行為將按“嚴(yán)重危害社會(huì)秩序和國家利益(gravely harmed social order or the national interest)”的情形處理。 |